Assignment Prompt & Instructions
attached
**files (4)**
– ## unitvmath.docx
– ## unitvpsych.docx
– ## TheatreisEverywhere.docx
– ## UnitV.pdf
**## unitvmath.docx**
Unit V Discussion Board
Please note that there are two posts needed to successfully complete the discussion board assignment. An initial post addressing the discussion board topic is due by end of day Saturday. A response post to at least one other student is due by end of day Tuesday.
Watch
[_Video 3: The Power of "Yet,"_](https://mediaplayer.pearsoncmg.com/assets/mindset_3?centerwin=yes) and evaluate your course progress. Are you meeting your goals for the course? What goals do you have for the remainder of the class? What strategy can you implement to help you achieve those goals?
Next, respond to another student's post. What are some ideas or tips that might help them reach their goals?
Note: To locate the video transcript, please click on the settings and select English for the transcript to appear. You may also use closed-captioning.
If no initial posts exist to allow for a response to be made, you may submit an additional initial post addressing another aspect of the unit topic.
[https://mediaplayer.pearsoncmg.com/assets/mindset_3?centerwin=yes](https://mediaplayer.pearsoncmg.com/assets/mindset_3?centerwin=yes)
**## unitvpsych.docx**
Unit V Discussion Board
Please note that there are three posts needed to successfully complete the discussion board assignment.
Post 1: Initial post addressing the discussion board topic is due by the end of day on Saturday.
• Your initial post should be at least 200 words in length.
Post 2: Response post to a classmate is due by the end of day on Tuesday.
Post 3: Response post to a second classmate or the instructor’s follow-up question is due by the end of day on Tuesday.
• If no initial posts exist to allow for a response to be made, you may submit an additional initial post addressing another aspect of the unit topic.
• Feel free to post more responses to classmates as you read, reflect, and contribute to our discussion.
Which point made in this unit interested you the most? Why did it interest you? Perhaps you gained a new perspective or read about a theorist whose story really got your attention. When responding to classmates, indicate if you share their thoughts about the unit and why.
[https://online.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9781351846875/epubcfi/6/46[%3Bvnd.vst.idref%3DCh012]!/4/2/4](https://online.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9781351846875/epubcfi/6/46%5b%3Bvnd.vst.idref%3DCh012%5d!/4/2/4)
**## TheatreisEverywhere.docx**
**Theatre is Everywhere – Applied Observation**
**Assignment Description**
In this assignment, you will explore how theatre exists beyond the stage by analyzing a real-life situation using concepts from
_Mapping Reality: An Introduction to Theatre_.
Theatre is not limited to formal performances—it exists in everyday life through human behavior, interaction, and storytelling. This project asks you to observe, analyze, and reflect on these ideas.
**Step 1: Observe**
Choose a real-life situation that can be viewed as theatre.
Examples include:
· A classroom presentation
· A sporting event
· A social media video
· A family gathering
· A church service
· A workplace interaction
**Step 2: Describe (1 paragraph)**
Explain:
· What is happening?
· Who are the “actors”?
· Who is the “audience”?
· What is the “stage” or space?
· What is the purpose (intent)?
**Step 3: Analyze (1–2 paragraphs)**
Apply
**at least THREE theatre concepts** from the lesson:
· Theatre is live and ephemeral
· Theatre is collaborative
· Theatre reflects the human condition
· Theatre is based on imitation (mimesis)
· Actor–audience energy exchange
Be specific and use examples.
**Step 4: Reflect (1 paragraph)**
· Why does this example matter?
· What does it reveal about human behavior?
· How does it change how you view theatre?
**Step 5: Post**
· 3-4 total paragraphs (minimum)
· Clear organization (separate description, analysis, reflection)
· Submit as a typed post. Do
**NOT** submit as a link.
**Step 6: Reply**
Reply to
**2 classmates**.
Each reply must be a
**minimum of** **4–6 complete sentences**.
Discuss:
· Compare their example to yours.
· Add a new insight or perspective.
· Ask a thoughtful follow-up question.
**## UnitV.pdf**
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit V
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
4. Discuss the transition of psychology from primarily a philosophical discipline into a scientific
discipline.
4.1 Distinguish between various clinical methodologies.
Required Unit Resources
Chapter 12: Psychoanalysis
Chapter 13: Beyond Psychoanalysis: Continuing Developments in Psychotherapy
Unit Lesson
Introduction
It would be hard to take a history of psychology course and not run into Dr. Freud somewhere in the material;
love him or hate him, his name has been associated with the practice of clinical psychology for over a century.
In this unit, we will take a deeper look into Freudian psychoanalysis and then explore other clinical paradigms
that arose alongside—or sometimes in direct conflict—with Freud’s theories.
Psychoanalysis
Many students and laypersons feel they already know what they need to know about Sigmund Freud’s
theories. They know what a big ego is, they have heard he was obsessed with sex, and they know basically
what a subconscious does.
Would it surprise you to learn that all of the statements above are, if not incorrect, at least not fully
understood?
Ego, in Freudian terms, is actually the rational middle ground between the most basic instincts (id) and the
judgmental moral conscience (super ego). If someone says you have a big ego, that really is a compliment
meaning that you are navigating life well between your internal psyche and your outside environment. What
about sex and penis envy? It is true that Freud has drawn criticism for over a century due to his belief that
sexual drives were really running the show in the human mind, but he believed those drives toward sex and
life were biological in origin. Like many of the theorists we have examined thus far, Freud trained as a
physician before moving to the field of psychology (Lawson et al., 2018). So, his emphasis on sexual energy
was based on a belief that this was an innate, biological part of humanity. Freud also used the terms
unconscious, preconscious, and conscious to describe his topographical model of the psyche, so if someone
says subconscious to you, you know they are not talking about original psychoanalytic theory.
Now that we have cleared up some of the misconceptions in the zeitgeist, let’s listen to more Freudian theory
regarding the mind and how to treat its illnesses. Please view the video segments listed below.
• "Freud’s Theory of the Unconscious & Psychoanalysis" video segment
• "Freudian Theory: Repressed Impulses" video segment
• "Establishment of Freudian Psychoanalysis" video segment
UNIT V STUDY GUIDE
Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
and Beyond
[https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174745](https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174745)
[https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174746](https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174746)
[https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174750](https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174750)
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
The transcripts for these videos can be found by clicking on “Transcript” in the gray bar to the right of the
video in the Films on Demand database.
Remember that Freud’s work came from his physician background to connect with mental behaviors. Much of
this was new territory for the discipline. Still, it is hard to ignore the long-standing impact of Freudian theory to
clinical psychology, particularly in the United States and Europe.
Analytic and Individual Psychology
A mentee of Freud’s, Carl Jung, would add further to psychological theory and literature when he famously
split off from his mentor, somewhat due to disagreement over how much of that life energy needs to be
sexualized (Lawson et al., 2018). Life energy, only a part of which might contain sexual material, could be
directed on two general paths: inward and outward. From Jung, we retain the ideas of introversion and
extroversion. Jung also promoted an archetypal understanding of the human psyche and felt that all human
beings had access to a collective unconscious for values and themes that existed on the species level.
Alfred Adler added more to the discussion with his individual psychology, claiming that social urges were an
important factor in understanding conscious functioning (Lawson et al., 2018). He left us the idea of the
inferiority complex whereby someone feels the need to overcome early obstacles and strengthen their
capacities.
Many theories stemmed from psychoanalytic thought and put a stamp on Western psychology. As we are
finding on this tour of psychology’s history, sometimes a theory grows in opposition to the one that came
before.
Object Relations
This theory grew from the psychoanalytic emphasis on early childhood experiences and turned the lens
toward interaction with outside objects, particularly the mother figure (Lawson et al., 2018). Using this theory,
a baby introjects or takes in these outside elements and integrates them into its own sense of self. Rather
than a Freudian drive model, the emphasis was on how the psyche reacts to objects.
A focus on maternal relationship health and childhood development was also developing during this time.
Similarly postulated was the process of individuation whereby the infants move from the mother-child
relationship toward becoming their own person (Lawson et al., 2018).
Ego Psychology
A focus on the functioning of the Freudian ego also grew as a branch of psychoanalysis. In fact, Freud’s
daughter Anna was instrumental in developing the theory on ego defense mechanisms (Lawson et al., 2018).
Remember that Freud’s ego moderated internal structures with the outside world, and defense mechanisms
were the key to making it all work.
Psychosocial Development, Trait Theory, and Humanism
Rather than the psychosexual development proposed by Freud, Erik Erikson proposed eight stages of
psychosocial development (Lawson et al., 2018). His approach regarded the success of various life stages
that built upon the former across the human life span. This model of human development is referenced
frequently in psychology courses.
Gordon Allport turned the lens toward what came to be known as trait theory by proposing cardinal, central,
and secondary traits (in descending order of influence) (Lawson et al., 2018). See the image below for more
information about these traits. Trait theory holds the potential for a level of empirical research that has eluded
many of the other theories in this unit.
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 3
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
In direct opposition to the expert practitioner model of Freudian work or the cause-and-effect models in
behaviorism, humanistic theory rose in the middle of the 20th century to examine the unique journey toward
self-actualization (Lawson et al., 2018). Many students have seen Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which you
can see in the image below, in early psychology coursework. It stands to reason that some needs must be
satisfied before we become our best selves. Carl Rogers is famous for his client-centered approach and the
humble, empathetic clinical work he developed. Using Rogers’ approach, a client or person was not seen as a
patient in need of saving from their particular diagnosis. The therapist was seen as a fellow traveler using
empathy, unconditional positive regard, and congruence, which refers to truth and transparency in the
therapeutic dyad.
This is an extremely brief journey through some of the modern approaches to clinical psychology that arose in
the Western world after Freud’s “hysterical” patients on that couch in Austria. Once more, we can see the
push and pull between theory and practice, Europe and America, and among multiple theoretical paradigms.
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 4
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
Reference
Lawson, R. B., Anderson, E. D., & Cepeda-Benito, A. (2018). A history of psychology: Globalization, ideas,
and applications (2nd ed.). Routledge.
– Course Learning Outcomes for Unit V
– Required Unit Resources
– Unit Lesson
– Introduction
– Psychoanalysis
– Analytic and Individual Psychology
– Object Relations
– Ego Psychology
– Psychosocial Development, Trait Theory, and Humanism
– Reference
**## UnitV.pdf**
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit V
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
4. Discuss the transition of psychology from primarily a philosophical discipline into a scientific
discipline.
4.1 Distinguish between various clinical methodologies.
Required Unit Resources
Chapter 12: Psychoanalysis
Chapter 13: Beyond Psychoanalysis: Continuing Developments in Psychotherapy
Unit Lesson
Introduction
It would be hard to take a history of psychology course and not run into Dr. Freud somewhere in the material;
love him or hate him, his name has been associated with the practice of clinical psychology for over a century.
In this unit, we will take a deeper look into Freudian psychoanalysis and then explore other clinical paradigms
that arose alongside—or sometimes in direct conflict—with Freud’s theories.
Psychoanalysis
Many students and laypersons feel they already know what they need to know about Sigmund Freud’s
theories. They know what a big ego is, they have heard he was obsessed with sex, and they know basically
what a subconscious does.
Would it surprise you to learn that all of the statements above are, if not incorrect, at least not fully
understood?
Ego, in Freudian terms, is actually the rational middle ground between the most basic instincts (id) and the
judgmental moral conscience (super ego). If someone says you have a big ego, that really is a compliment
meaning that you are navigating life well between your internal psyche and your outside environment. What
about sex and penis envy? It is true that Freud has drawn criticism for over a century due to his belief that
sexual drives were really running the show in the human mind, but he believed those drives toward sex and
life were biological in origin. Like many of the theorists we have examined thus far, Freud trained as a
physician before moving to the field of psychology (Lawson et al., 2018). So, his emphasis on sexual energy
was based on a belief that this was an innate, biological part of humanity. Freud also used the terms
unconscious, preconscious, and conscious to describe his topographical model of the psyche, so if someone
says subconscious to you, you know they are not talking about original psychoanalytic theory.
Now that we have cleared up some of the misconceptions in the zeitgeist, let’s listen to more Freudian theory
regarding the mind and how to treat its illnesses. Please view the video segments listed below.
• "Freud’s Theory of the Unconscious & Psychoanalysis" video segment
• "Freudian Theory: Repressed Impulses" video segment
• "Establishment of Freudian Psychoanalysis" video segment
UNIT V STUDY GUIDE
Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
and Beyond
[https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174745](https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174745)
[https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174746](https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174746)
[https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174750](https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174750)
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
The transcripts for these videos can be found by clicking on “Transcript” in the gray bar to the right of the
video in the Films on Demand database.
Remember that Freud’s work came from his physician background to connect with mental behaviors. Much of
this was new territory for the discipline. Still, it is hard to ignore the long-standing impact of Freudian theory to
clinical psychology, particularly in the United States and Europe.
Analytic and Individual Psychology
A mentee of Freud’s, Carl Jung, would add further to psychological theory and literature when he famously
split off from his mentor, somewhat due to disagreement over how much of that life energy needs to be
sexualized (Lawson et al., 2018). Life energy, only a part of which might contain sexual material, could be
directed on two general paths: inward and outward. From Jung, we retain the ideas of introversion and
extroversion. Jung also promoted an archetypal understanding of the human psyche and felt that all human
beings had access to a collective unconscious for values and themes that existed on the species level.
Alfred Adler added more to the discussion with his individual psychology, claiming that social urges were an
important factor in understanding conscious functioning (Lawson et al., 2018). He left us the idea of the
inferiority complex whereby someone feels the need to overcome early obstacles and strengthen their
capacities.
Many theories stemmed from psychoanalytic thought and put a stamp on Western psychology. As we are
finding on this tour of psychology’s history, sometimes a theory grows in opposition to the one that came
before.
Object Relations
This theory grew from the psychoanalytic emphasis on early childhood experiences and turned the lens
toward interaction with outside objects, particularly the mother figure (Lawson et al., 2018). Using this theory,
a baby introjects or takes in these outside elements and integrates them into its own sense of self. Rather
than a Freudian drive model, the emphasis was on how the psyche reacts to objects.
A focus on maternal relationship health and childhood development was also developing during this time.
Similarly postulated was the process of individuation whereby the infants move from the mother-child
relationship toward becoming their own person (Lawson et al., 2018).
Ego Psychology
A focus on the functioning of the Freudian ego also grew as a branch of psychoanalysis. In fact, Freud’s
daughter Anna was instrumental in developing the theory on ego defense mechanisms (Lawson et al., 2018).
Remember that Freud’s ego moderated internal structures with the outside world, and defense mechanisms
were the key to making it all work.
Psychosocial Development, Trait Theory, and Humanism
Rather than the psychosexual development proposed by Freud, Erik Erikson proposed eight stages of
psychosocial development (Lawson et al., 2018). His approach regarded the success of various life stages
that built upon the former across the human life span. This model of human development is referenced
frequently in psychology courses.
Gordon Allport turned the lens toward what came to be known as trait theory by proposing cardinal, central,
and secondary traits (in descending order of influence) (Lawson et al., 2018). See the image below for more
information about these traits. Trait theory holds the potential for a level of empirical research that has eluded
many of the other theories in this unit.
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 3
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
In direct opposition to the expert practitioner model of Freudian work or the cause-and-effect models in
behaviorism, humanistic theory rose in the middle of the 20th century to examine the unique journey toward
self-actualization (Lawson et al., 2018). Many students have seen Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which you
can see in the image below, in early psychology coursework. It stands to reason that some needs must be
satisfied before we become our best selves. Carl Rogers is famous for his client-centered approach and the
humble, empathetic clinical work he developed. Using Rogers’ approach, a client or person was not seen as a
patient in need of saving from their particular diagnosis. The therapist was seen as a fellow traveler using
empathy, unconditional positive regard, and congruence, which refers to truth and transparency in the
therapeutic dyad.
This is an extremely brief journey through some of the modern approaches to clinical psychology that arose in
the Western world after Freud’s “hysterical” patients on that couch in Austria. Once more, we can see the
push and pull between theory and practice, Europe and America, and among multiple theoretical paradigms.
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 4
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
Reference
Lawson, R. B., Anderson, E. D., & Cepeda-Benito, A. (2018). A history of psychology: Globalization, ideas,
and applications (2nd ed.). Routledge.
– Course Learning Outcomes for Unit V
– Required Unit Resources
– Unit Lesson
– Introduction
– Psychoanalysis
– Analytic and Individual Psychology
– Object Relations
– Ego Psychology
– Psychosocial Development, Trait Theory, and Humanism
– Reference
**## unitvmath.docx**
Unit V Discussion Board
Please note that there are two posts needed to successfully complete the discussion board assignment. An initial post addressing the discussion board topic is due by end of day Saturday. A response post to at least one other student is due by end of day Tuesday.
Watch
[_Video 3: The Power of "Yet,"_](https://mediaplayer.pearsoncmg.com/assets/mindset_3?centerwin=yes) and evaluate your course progress. Are you meeting your goals for the course? What goals do you have for the remainder of the class? What strategy can you implement to help you achieve those goals?
Next, respond to another student's post. What are some ideas or tips that might help them reach their goals?
Note: To locate the video transcript, please click on the settings and select English for the transcript to appear. You may also use closed-captioning.
If no initial posts exist to allow for a response to be made, you may submit an additional initial post addressing another aspect of the unit topic.
[https://mediaplayer.pearsoncmg.com/assets/mindset_3?centerwin=yes](https://mediaplayer.pearsoncmg.com/assets/mindset_3?centerwin=yes)
**## unitvpsych.docx**
Unit V Discussion Board
Please note that there are three posts needed to successfully complete the discussion board assignment.
Post 1: Initial post addressing the discussion board topic is due by the end of day on Saturday.
• Your initial post should be at least 200 words in length.
Post 2: Response post to a classmate is due by the end of day on Tuesday.
Post 3: Response post to a second classmate or the instructor’s follow-up question is due by the end of day on Tuesday.
• If no initial posts exist to allow for a response to be made, you may submit an additional initial post addressing another aspect of the unit topic.
• Feel free to post more responses to classmates as you read, reflect, and contribute to our discussion.
Which point made in this unit interested you the most? Why did it interest you? Perhaps you gained a new perspective or read about a theorist whose story really got your attention. When responding to classmates, indicate if you share their thoughts about the unit and why.
[https://online.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9781351846875/epubcfi/6/46[%3Bvnd.vst.idref%3DCh012]!/4/2/4](https://online.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9781351846875/epubcfi/6/46%5b%3Bvnd.vst.idref%3DCh012%5d!/4/2/4)
**## TheatreisEverywhere.docx**
**Theatre is Everywhere – Applied Observation**
**Assignment Description**
In this assignment, you will explore how theatre exists beyond the stage by analyzing a real-life situation using concepts from
_Mapping Reality: An Introduction to Theatre_.
Theatre is not limited to formal performances—it exists in everyday life through human behavior, interaction, and storytelling. This project asks you to observe, analyze, and reflect on these ideas.
**Step 1: Observe**
Choose a real-life situation that can be viewed as theatre.
Examples include:
· A classroom presentation
· A sporting event
· A social media video
· A family gathering
· A church service
· A workplace interaction
**Step 2: Describe (1 paragraph)**
Explain:
· What is happening?
· Who are the “actors”?
· Who is the “audience”?
· What is the “stage” or space?
· What is the purpose (intent)?
**Step 3: Analyze (1–2 paragraphs)**
Apply
**at least THREE theatre concepts** from the lesson:
· Theatre is live and ephemeral
· Theatre is collaborative
· Theatre reflects the human condition
· Theatre is based on imitation (mimesis)
· Actor–audience energy exchange
Be specific and use examples.
**Step 4: Reflect (1 paragraph)**
· Why does this example matter?
· What does it reveal about human behavior?
· How does it change how you view theatre?
**Step 5: Post**
· 3-4 total paragraphs (minimum)
· Clear organization (separate description, analysis, reflection)
· Submit as a typed post. Do
**NOT** submit as a link.
**Step 6: Reply**
Reply to
**2 classmates**.
Each reply must be a
**minimum of** **4–6 complete sentences**.
Discuss:
· Compare their example to yours.
· Add a new insight or perspective.
· Ask a thoughtful follow-up question.
**## UnitV.pdf**
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit V
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
4. Discuss the transition of psychology from primarily a philosophical discipline into a scientific
discipline.
4.1 Distinguish between various clinical methodologies.
Required Unit Resources
Chapter 12: Psychoanalysis
Chapter 13: Beyond Psychoanalysis: Continuing Developments in Psychotherapy
Unit Lesson
Introduction
It would be hard to take a history of psychology course and not run into Dr. Freud somewhere in the material;
love him or hate him, his name has been associated with the practice of clinical psychology for over a century.
In this unit, we will take a deeper look into Freudian psychoanalysis and then explore other clinical paradigms
that arose alongside—or sometimes in direct conflict—with Freud’s theories.
Psychoanalysis
Many students and laypersons feel they already know what they need to know about Sigmund Freud’s
theories. They know what a big ego is, they have heard he was obsessed with sex, and they know basically
what a subconscious does.
Would it surprise you to learn that all of the statements above are, if not incorrect, at least not fully
understood?
Ego, in Freudian terms, is actually the rational middle ground between the most basic instincts (id) and the
judgmental moral conscience (super ego). If someone says you have a big ego, that really is a compliment
meaning that you are navigating life well between your internal psyche and your outside environment. What
about sex and penis envy? It is true that Freud has drawn criticism for over a century due to his belief that
sexual drives were really running the show in the human mind, but he believed those drives toward sex and
life were biological in origin. Like many of the theorists we have examined thus far, Freud trained as a
physician before moving to the field of psychology (Lawson et al., 2018). So, his emphasis on sexual energy
was based on a belief that this was an innate, biological part of humanity. Freud also used the terms
unconscious, preconscious, and conscious to describe his topographical model of the psyche, so if someone
says subconscious to you, you know they are not talking about original psychoanalytic theory.
Now that we have cleared up some of the misconceptions in the zeitgeist, let’s listen to more Freudian theory
regarding the mind and how to treat its illnesses. Please view the video segments listed below.
• "Freud’s Theory of the Unconscious & Psychoanalysis" video segment
• "Freudian Theory: Repressed Impulses" video segment
• "Establishment of Freudian Psychoanalysis" video segment
UNIT V STUDY GUIDE
Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
and Beyond
[https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174745](https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174745)
[https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174746](https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174746)
[https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174750](https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174750)
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
The transcripts for these videos can be found by clicking on “Transcript” in the gray bar to the right of the
video in the Films on Demand database.
Remember that Freud’s work came from his physician background to connect with mental behaviors. Much of
this was new territory for the discipline. Still, it is hard to ignore the long-standing impact of Freudian theory to
clinical psychology, particularly in the United States and Europe.
Analytic and Individual Psychology
A mentee of Freud’s, Carl Jung, would add further to psychological theory and literature when he famously
split off from his mentor, somewhat due to disagreement over how much of that life energy needs to be
sexualized (Lawson et al., 2018). Life energy, only a part of which might contain sexual material, could be
directed on two general paths: inward and outward. From Jung, we retain the ideas of introversion and
extroversion. Jung also promoted an archetypal understanding of the human psyche and felt that all human
beings had access to a collective unconscious for values and themes that existed on the species level.
Alfred Adler added more to the discussion with his individual psychology, claiming that social urges were an
important factor in understanding conscious functioning (Lawson et al., 2018). He left us the idea of the
inferiority complex whereby someone feels the need to overcome early obstacles and strengthen their
capacities.
Many theories stemmed from psychoanalytic thought and put a stamp on Western psychology. As we are
finding on this tour of psychology’s history, sometimes a theory grows in opposition to the one that came
before.
Object Relations
This theory grew from the psychoanalytic emphasis on early childhood experiences and turned the lens
toward interaction with outside objects, particularly the mother figure (Lawson et al., 2018). Using this theory,
a baby introjects or takes in these outside elements and integrates them into its own sense of self. Rather
than a Freudian drive model, the emphasis was on how the psyche reacts to objects.
A focus on maternal relationship health and childhood development was also developing during this time.
Similarly postulated was the process of individuation whereby the infants move from the mother-child
relationship toward becoming their own person (Lawson et al., 2018).
Ego Psychology
A focus on the functioning of the Freudian ego also grew as a branch of psychoanalysis. In fact, Freud’s
daughter Anna was instrumental in developing the theory on ego defense mechanisms (Lawson et al., 2018).
Remember that Freud’s ego moderated internal structures with the outside world, and defense mechanisms
were the key to making it all work.
Psychosocial Development, Trait Theory, and Humanism
Rather than the psychosexual development proposed by Freud, Erik Erikson proposed eight stages of
psychosocial development (Lawson et al., 2018). His approach regarded the success of various life stages
that built upon the former across the human life span. This model of human development is referenced
frequently in psychology courses.
Gordon Allport turned the lens toward what came to be known as trait theory by proposing cardinal, central,
and secondary traits (in descending order of influence) (Lawson et al., 2018). See the image below for more
information about these traits. Trait theory holds the potential for a level of empirical research that has eluded
many of the other theories in this unit.
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 3
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
In direct opposition to the expert practitioner model of Freudian work or the cause-and-effect models in
behaviorism, humanistic theory rose in the middle of the 20th century to examine the unique journey toward
self-actualization (Lawson et al., 2018). Many students have seen Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which you
can see in the image below, in early psychology coursework. It stands to reason that some needs must be
satisfied before we become our best selves. Carl Rogers is famous for his client-centered approach and the
humble, empathetic clinical work he developed. Using Rogers’ approach, a client or person was not seen as a
patient in need of saving from their particular diagnosis. The therapist was seen as a fellow traveler using
empathy, unconditional positive regard, and congruence, which refers to truth and transparency in the
therapeutic dyad.
This is an extremely brief journey through some of the modern approaches to clinical psychology that arose in
the Western world after Freud’s “hysterical” patients on that couch in Austria. Once more, we can see the
push and pull between theory and practice, Europe and America, and among multiple theoretical paradigms.
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 4
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
Reference
Lawson, R. B., Anderson, E. D., & Cepeda-Benito, A. (2018). A history of psychology: Globalization, ideas,
and applications (2nd ed.). Routledge.
– Course Learning Outcomes for Unit V
– Required Unit Resources
– Unit Lesson
– Introduction
– Psychoanalysis
– Analytic and Individual Psychology
– Object Relations
– Ego Psychology
– Psychosocial Development, Trait Theory, and Humanism
– Reference
**## unitvmath.docx**
Unit V Discussion Board
Please note that there are two posts needed to successfully complete the discussion board assignment. An initial post addressing the discussion board topic is due by end of day Saturday. A response post to at least one other student is due by end of day Tuesday.
Watch
[_Video 3: The Power of "Yet,"_](https://mediaplayer.pearsoncmg.com/assets/mindset_3?centerwin=yes) and evaluate your course progress. Are you meeting your goals for the course? What goals do you have for the remainder of the class? What strategy can you implement to help you achieve those goals?
Next, respond to another student's post. What are some ideas or tips that might help them reach their goals?
Note: To locate the video transcript, please click on the settings and select English for the transcript to appear. You may also use closed-captioning.
If no initial posts exist to allow for a response to be made, you may submit an additional initial post addressing another aspect of the unit topic.
[https://mediaplayer.pearsoncmg.com/assets/mindset_3?centerwin=yes](https://mediaplayer.pearsoncmg.com/assets/mindset_3?centerwin=yes)
**## unitvpsych.docx**
Unit V Discussion Board
Please note that there are three posts needed to successfully complete the discussion board assignment.
Post 1: Initial post addressing the discussion board topic is due by the end of day on Saturday.
• Your initial post should be at least 200 words in length.
Post 2: Response post to a classmate is due by the end of day on Tuesday.
Post 3: Response post to a second classmate or the instructor’s follow-up question is due by the end of day on Tuesday.
• If no initial posts exist to allow for a response to be made, you may submit an additional initial post addressing another aspect of the unit topic.
• Feel free to post more responses to classmates as you read, reflect, and contribute to our discussion.
Which point made in this unit interested you the most? Why did it interest you? Perhaps you gained a new perspective or read about a theorist whose story really got your attention. When responding to classmates, indicate if you share their thoughts about the unit and why.
[https://online.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9781351846875/epubcfi/6/46[%3Bvnd.vst.idref%3DCh012]!/4/2/4](https://online.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9781351846875/epubcfi/6/46%5b%3Bvnd.vst.idref%3DCh012%5d!/4/2/4)
**## TheatreisEverywhere.docx**
**Theatre is Everywhere – Applied Observation**
**Assignment Description**
In this assignment, you will explore how theatre exists beyond the stage by analyzing a real-life situation using concepts from
_Mapping Reality: An Introduction to Theatre_.
Theatre is not limited to formal performances—it exists in everyday life through human behavior, interaction, and storytelling. This project asks you to observe, analyze, and reflect on these ideas.
**Step 1: Observe**
Choose a real-life situation that can be viewed as theatre.
Examples include:
· A classroom presentation
· A sporting event
· A social media video
· A family gathering
· A church service
· A workplace interaction
**Step 2: Describe (1 paragraph)**
Explain:
· What is happening?
· Who are the “actors”?
· Who is the “audience”?
· What is the “stage” or space?
· What is the purpose (intent)?
**Step 3: Analyze (1–2 paragraphs)**
Apply
**at least THREE theatre concepts** from the lesson:
· Theatre is live and ephemeral
· Theatre is collaborative
· Theatre reflects the human condition
· Theatre is based on imitation (mimesis)
· Actor–audience energy exchange
Be specific and use examples.
**Step 4: Reflect (1 paragraph)**
· Why does this example matter?
· What does it reveal about human behavior?
· How does it change how you view theatre?
**Step 5: Post**
· 3-4 total paragraphs (minimum)
· Clear organization (separate description, analysis, reflection)
· Submit as a typed post. Do
**NOT** submit as a link.
**Step 6: Reply**
Reply to
**2 classmates**.
Each reply must be a
**minimum of** **4–6 complete sentences**.
Discuss:
· Compare their example to yours.
· Add a new insight or perspective.
· Ask a thoughtful follow-up question.
**## UnitV.pdf**
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit V
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
4. Discuss the transition of psychology from primarily a philosophical discipline into a scientific
discipline.
4.1 Distinguish between various clinical methodologies.
Required Unit Resources
Chapter 12: Psychoanalysis
Chapter 13: Beyond Psychoanalysis: Continuing Developments in Psychotherapy
Unit Lesson
Introduction
It would be hard to take a history of psychology course and not run into Dr. Freud somewhere in the material;
love him or hate him, his name has been associated with the practice of clinical psychology for over a century.
In this unit, we will take a deeper look into Freudian psychoanalysis and then explore other clinical paradigms
that arose alongside—or sometimes in direct conflict—with Freud’s theories.
Psychoanalysis
Many students and laypersons feel they already know what they need to know about Sigmund Freud’s
theories. They know what a big ego is, they have heard he was obsessed with sex, and they know basically
what a subconscious does.
Would it surprise you to learn that all of the statements above are, if not incorrect, at least not fully
understood?
Ego, in Freudian terms, is actually the rational middle ground between the most basic instincts (id) and the
judgmental moral conscience (super ego). If someone says you have a big ego, that really is a compliment
meaning that you are navigating life well between your internal psyche and your outside environment. What
about sex and penis envy? It is true that Freud has drawn criticism for over a century due to his belief that
sexual drives were really running the show in the human mind, but he believed those drives toward sex and
life were biological in origin. Like many of the theorists we have examined thus far, Freud trained as a
physician before moving to the field of psychology (Lawson et al., 2018). So, his emphasis on sexual energy
was based on a belief that this was an innate, biological part of humanity. Freud also used the terms
unconscious, preconscious, and conscious to describe his topographical model of the psyche, so if someone
says subconscious to you, you know they are not talking about original psychoanalytic theory.
Now that we have cleared up some of the misconceptions in the zeitgeist, let’s listen to more Freudian theory
regarding the mind and how to treat its illnesses. Please view the video segments listed below.
• "Freud’s Theory of the Unconscious & Psychoanalysis" video segment
• "Freudian Theory: Repressed Impulses" video segment
• "Establishment of Freudian Psychoanalysis" video segment
UNIT V STUDY GUIDE
Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
and Beyond
[https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174745](https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174745)
[https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174746](https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174746)
[https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174750](https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=https://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=273866&xtid=48758&loid=174750)
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
The transcripts for these videos can be found by clicking on “Transcript” in the gray bar to the right of the
video in the Films on Demand database.
Remember that Freud’s work came from his physician background to connect with mental behaviors. Much of
this was new territory for the discipline. Still, it is hard to ignore the long-standing impact of Freudian theory to
clinical psychology, particularly in the United States and Europe.
Analytic and Individual Psychology
A mentee of Freud’s, Carl Jung, would add further to psychological theory and literature when he famously
split off from his mentor, somewhat due to disagreement over how much of that life energy needs to be
sexualized (Lawson et al., 2018). Life energy, only a part of which might contain sexual material, could be
directed on two general paths: inward and outward. From Jung, we retain the ideas of introversion and
extroversion. Jung also promoted an archetypal understanding of the human psyche and felt that all human
beings had access to a collective unconscious for values and themes that existed on the species level.
Alfred Adler added more to the discussion with his individual psychology, claiming that social urges were an
important factor in understanding conscious functioning (Lawson et al., 2018). He left us the idea of the
inferiority complex whereby someone feels the need to overcome early obstacles and strengthen their
capacities.
Many theories stemmed from psychoanalytic thought and put a stamp on Western psychology. As we are
finding on this tour of psychology’s history, sometimes a theory grows in opposition to the one that came
before.
Object Relations
This theory grew from the psychoanalytic emphasis on early childhood experiences and turned the lens
toward interaction with outside objects, particularly the mother figure (Lawson et al., 2018). Using this theory,
a baby introjects or takes in these outside elements and integrates them into its own sense of self. Rather
than a Freudian drive model, the emphasis was on how the psyche reacts to objects.
A focus on maternal relationship health and childhood development was also developing during this time.
Similarly postulated was the process of individuation whereby the infants move from the mother-child
relationship toward becoming their own person (Lawson et al., 2018).
Ego Psychology
A focus on the functioning of the Freudian ego also grew as a branch of psychoanalysis. In fact, Freud’s
daughter Anna was instrumental in developing the theory on ego defense mechanisms (Lawson et al., 2018).
Remember that Freud’s ego moderated internal structures with the outside world, and defense mechanisms
were the key to making it all work.
Psychosocial Development, Trait Theory, and Humanism
Rather than the psychosexual development proposed by Freud, Erik Erikson proposed eight stages of
psychosocial development (Lawson et al., 2018). His approach regarded the success of various life stages
that built upon the former across the human life span. This model of human development is referenced
frequently in psychology courses.
Gordon Allport turned the lens toward what came to be known as trait theory by proposing cardinal, central,
and secondary traits (in descending order of influence) (Lawson et al., 2018). See the image below for more
information about these traits. Trait theory holds the potential for a level of empirical research that has eluded
many of the other theories in this unit.
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 3
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
In direct opposition to the expert practitioner model of Freudian work or the cause-and-effect models in
behaviorism, humanistic theory rose in the middle of the 20th century to examine the unique journey toward
self-actualization (Lawson et al., 2018). Many students have seen Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which you
can see in the image below, in early psychology coursework. It stands to reason that some needs must be
satisfied before we become our best selves. Carl Rogers is famous for his client-centered approach and the
humble, empathetic clinical work he developed. Using Rogers’ approach, a client or person was not seen as a
patient in need of saving from their particular diagnosis. The therapist was seen as a fellow traveler using
empathy, unconditional positive regard, and congruence, which refers to truth and transparency in the
therapeutic dyad.
This is an extremely brief journey through some of the modern approaches to clinical psychology that arose in
the Western world after Freud’s “hysterical” patients on that couch in Austria. Once more, we can see the
push and pull between theory and practice, Europe and America, and among multiple theoretical paradigms.
PSY 3301, History and Systems of Psychology 4
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
Reference
Lawson, R. B., Anderson, E. D., & Cepeda-Benito, A. (2018). A history of psychology: Globalization, ideas,
and applications (2nd ed.). Routledge.
– Course Learning Outcomes for Unit V
– Required Unit Resources
– Unit Lesson
– Introduction
– Psychoanalysis
– Analytic and Individual Psychology
– Object Relations
– Ego Psychology
– Psychosocial Development, Trait Theory, and Humanism
– Reference